Nyob nruab nrab ntawm txoj kev loj hlob sai ntawm lub ntiaj teb tshiab lub zog kev lag luam, lub peev xwm ntawm cov lithium roj teeb, raws li cov tub ntxhais lub zog cia units, yog nthuav nyob rau hauv ib tug unprecedented tus nqi. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov kev nthuav dav no yog nrog los ntawm kev sib tw ib puag ncig zoo: kev kho cov lithium roj teeb dej khib nyiab. Tshwj xeeb, cov dej khib nyiab los ntawm cov khoom siv cathode ua rau muaj kev sib tw tseem ceeb rau cov qauv kev kho mob vim nws txoj kev sib xyaw ua ke, salinity siab, thiab ntxiv rau cov hlau muaj txiaj ntsig xws li lithium, nickel, thiab cobalt.
► I. Ob Qhov Kev Sib Tw ntawm Kev Txhim Kho Kev Lag Luam
Tau ntev, kev kho cov dej khib nyiab no tsis yog tsuas yog kim tab sis kuj tau tawm tsam kom ua tiav cov pa phem tshem tawm, tso qhov hnyav ib puag ncig rau kev lag luam. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, raws li lub teb chaws cov peev txheej ntxhia hauv lub tebchaws, lithium ntsib kev txhawj xeeb ntxiv txog kev lag luam tus nqi tsis hloov pauv thiab cov khoom lag luam kev ruaj ntseg. Rov qab lithium los ntawm cov dej khib nyiab tsis yog ib txoj hauv kev los hloov cov khoom pov tseg rau hauv kev nplua nuj thiab tsim cov txiaj ntsig kev lag luam, tab sis kuj yog ib qho tseem ceeb txuas hauv kev ruaj ntseg cov saw hlau. Yog li ntawd,Ua tiav Zero Liquid Discharge (ZLD) thiab rov qab tau cov peev txheej zootau dhau los ua ib qho inevitable qauv rau kev lag luam txoj kev loj hlob.
► II. Txoj Kev Tshiab ntawm Ceramic Membrane Technology
Nyob rau hauv teb rau qhov kev lag luam mob point, ib tug tshiab txheej txheem centered rauceramic membranes rau kev kho dej khib nyiabtau tshwm sim. Daim ntawv qhia kev thev naus laus zis no, los ntawm kev sib koom ua ke ntawm ntau- txheej txheem txheej txheej txheej txheej membrane, qhia meej txog cov fwj ntawm cov txheej txheem ib txwm muaj thiab muab cov kev daws teeb meem rau cov dej khib nyiab. Qhov kev daws teeb meem no, raws li cov khoom siv ceramics rau cov dej khib nyiab rov qab siv dua, yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev hloov pauv hauv kev lag luam.
► (A) Siab -Kev Ua Haujlwm Zoo
Cov txheej txheem pib nrog kev siv siab -kev ua tau zoo ceramics rau RO pretreatment, pabraws li ib qho ultrafiltration lossis microfiltration unit. Lawv cov tshuaj lom neeg ruaj khov thiab lub zog siv tshuab ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo tshem tawm cov khib nyiab, colloids, thiab lwm yam impurities los ntawm cov dej khib nyiab. Qhov no muab lub zog ruaj khov thiab txhim khu kev qha rau cov chav kho mob sib sib zog nqus tom qab, ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau tag nrho cov txheej txheem kev ua haujlwm.
► (B) Kev Sib Cais Tseem Ceeb
Tom qab pretreatment, cov dej khib nyiab nkag mus rau "lub plawv" ntawm qhov system-qhov tshwj xeeb nanofiltration cais theem. Los ntawm cov txheej txheem nanofiltration membrane ntsev-splitting thev naus laus zis, nws muaj peev xwm cais cov hlau sib txawv (xws li npib tsib xee thiab cobalt) los ntawm monovalent lithium ions hauv cov dej khib nyiab. Qhov no yog cov kauj ruam tseem ceeb rau kev ua tiav lithium rov qab nrog cov khoom siv ceramic, ua rau kev ua kom huv si ua ntej ntawm siab - cov peev txheej lithium los ntawm cov txheej txheem sib xyaw ua ke - ntsev.
► (C) Resource Concentration thiab Zero Discharge
Cov lithium- cov kwj nplua nuj raug xa mus rauib tug tshwj xeeb concentration systemkom ntxiv dag zog rau lithium concentration, nteg lub hauv paus rau tom ntej productization ntawm lithium. Qhov sib cais siab -cov dej qab ntsev nkag mus rau hauv chav tsev evaporation thiab crystallization, qhov twg cov dej tau zoo tag nrho, thiab cov ntsev inorganic yog crystallized rau hauv cov khib nyiab, yog li ua tiav Zero Liquid Discharge rau tag nrho cov txheej txheem. Nws tuaj yeem hais tias daim ntawv thov ntawm ceramics -raws li daim nyias nyias rau cov dej thiab cov dej khib nyiab yog teeb tsa cov qauv tshiab rau kev lag luam.
► BAB III. Reshaping Dual Value: Economics thiab Ib puag ncig
Lub tswv yim tseem ceeb ntawm cov txheej txheem kev sib koom ua ke no nthuav dav tshaj li kev ua raws li ib puag ncig. Kev tshuaj xyuas qhia tau hais tias tus nqi ntawm lithium cov peev txheej tau rov qab los ntawm cov tuam txhab siv cov thev naus laus zis no, suav nrog kev txuag ntawm cov nqi xa tawm thiab cov nqi dej tshiab, tuaj yeem rov qab tau cov peev txheej hauv lub sijhawm luv. Qhov no tseem ceeb hloov pauv tus nqi ntawm cov khoom siv tiv thaiv ib puag ncig ib puag ncig, hloov lawv mus rau "peev txheej khoom siv" muaj peev xwm tsim kom muaj txiaj ntsig. Nws kuj tseem ua pov thawj tias ceramics rau cov dej khib nyiab rov qab siv dua yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws rau kev ua tiav cov peev txheej rov qab.
Hauv kev xaus, qhov kev tsim kho tshiab no ntau-theem kev sib xyaw ua ke ceramic membrane tsis tsuas yog muab kev txhawb nqa zoo rau kev tsim kho kom ruaj khov ntawm lithium roj teeb kev lag luam tab sis kuj ua rau pom qhov dav dav ntawm cov khoom siv membrane siab hauv kev daws teeb meem kev lag luam khib nyiab. Raws li thev naus laus zis tseem paub tab thiab tau txais yuav, nce qibceramic membranes rau cov dej khib nyiab rov qab siv duayuav txhawb nqa kev lag luam ntau dua kom ua tiav qhov yeej{0}}yuav tau txais txiaj ntsig rau ob qho txiaj ntsig kev lag luam thiab kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig, txhawb nqa tag nrho cov kev lag luam hluav taws xob tshiab rau lub neej yav tom ntej ntsuab thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua.