Raws li cov thev naus laus zis tseem ceeb los daws cov dej thoob ntiaj teb, Desalination feem ntau ntawm ob txoj kev sib cais ntawm ob qho: Rov qab osmosis thiab electrodialys. Ntawm lawv, tusDesalination Ro SystemTau dhau los ua cov txheej txheem siv tau vim nws cov ntawv thov muaj kev muaj zog, ua rau muaj kwv yees li 60% ntawm lub peev xwm thoob ntiaj teb. Qhov kev thev naus laus zis ua tau zoo dhau los ntawm kev sib cais ntawm lub cev ntau dua li thermal distillation, nrog kev siv hluav taws xob ntau piv rau cov qauv ib txwm siv.
I. TXOJ KEV UA HAUJ LWM KEV TXHEEJ TXHEEM LOS NTAWM ROV QAB OSMOSIS KEV
Cov tub ntxhais ntawm Desalination Ro System yog lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm lub cev sib cais Semi-permeable sib cais. Thaum lub siab nqus cov tshuab nqus dej hiav txwv rau qhov kev siv dej hiav txwv (thaum lub sij hawm tsis txaus ntseeg, cov khoom siv dej tsis sib haum, thiab cov kab mob sib luag, thiab cov kab mob sib luag, thiab cov kab mob me me. Cov txheej txheem no yuav tsum tswj cov ntsev tsis tu ncua-uas muaj cov kua dej uas tsis muaj zog ntxiv los tiv thaiv cov kab mob osmotic ntau dhau los ua rau muaj kev siv hluav taws xob ntau.
Ua tiav dej hiav txwv Retalination Ro system muaj plaub qhov kev sib koom tes ncaj qha:
1. PretReatment:Tshem tawm cov nplais txwv, colloids, thiab cov kab mob me me los ntawm kev ua kom pom cov neeg sawv cev ntau, thiab ntxiv cov tshuaj pleev ib ce ntau dua los kho qhov ntsuas hluavtaws.
2. Pressurization:Kev sib cais ntawm cov dej siab rau lub siab xav tau rau qhov kev sib cais ua kom muaj txog 70% siv hluav taws xob tag nrho.
3. MEMBRANE CAIS:Cov tub ntxhais nyob hauv chav tsev ntiav ntiav ua rau muaj zog lossis cov qauv hollow-fiber
4. Kev kho mob tom qab:Monsaleralizes lossis kho cov kua dej los daws cov teeb meem corrosion hauv dej ntshiab, kom ua raws li cov khoom haus dej.
Ii. Qhov tshwj xeeb thiab thov cov xwm txheej ntawm cov electrodialysis thev naus laus zis
Cov electrodialysis (ed) drives ion tsiv teb los ntawm ncaj qha rau cov hluav taws xob tam sim no, thiab cov tshuaj sib cais rau hauv dej tshiab thiab cov chaw ua kom zoo, feem. Txawm hais tias nws lub ntiaj teb muaj peev xwm sib koom yog tsawg dua 3%, nws cov khoom pov thawj irreplaceability hauv cov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb:
1. Cov txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov khoom siv me me:Haum rau cov xwm txheej xws li cov nkoj thiab cov Islands tuaj, tsis tas yuav muaj cov khoom siv siab. Ed tsuas yog cais cov raug them nqi ions thiab tsis tuaj yeem tshem tawm nruab nrab organic tshuaj.
2. Kev Kho Mob High-salinity muaj peev xwm:Ed yog qhov zoo dua rau cov dej brackish (salinity<10 g/L), as energy consumption and maintenance costs surge under high salinity.
3. Yooj yim ntawm kev txij nkawm:Membrane fouling tuaj yeem yog tus kheej ntxuav los ntawm reversing electrode polarity.
III. Cov kev txiav txim siab tseem ceeb rau kev xaiv tshuab
1. Lub Zog Siv Tau Los Ntawm Kev Sib Piv:
- RO Desalination Nroj Cub Nruab Nrab {{1} kwh \/ m³ (thaum nruab nrog lub zog hluav taws xob rov qab).
- ED Zog tau txais ib qho kev siv zog nce mus txog 7-15 kwh \/ m³; Ed yuav muaj qhov qis dua kev noj haus ntau dua li re hauv cov dej qab zib qis, tab sis ro tseem qis tshaj plaws-lub zog xaiv rau seaterwater dealination.
2. Cov Qauv Teeb Meem Sib Txawv:
RO membrane cov nqi yog qis dua ed ion-txauv nqus dej, tab sis cov khoom siv siab thiab cov khoom siv corrosion siab nce ntxiv kev pib nqis peev. Ed txo cov kev saib xyuas kom muaj cov kav dej rau cov kav dej thiab cov li qub raws li kev ua haujlwm qis.
3. Ib puag ncig kev yoog raws:
Kev loj rov qab Osmosis Desalination Nroj Tsuag Yuav Tsum Ua Kom Muaj Kev Tawm Kho Brine Tawm, thaum ED cov khoom siv eD muaj qhov cuam tshuam me me rau cov tsiaj txhu thaj chaw rau tsiaj.
IV. Cov Lus Qhia Yav Tom Ntej
Desalination Ro Tshuab yog txhim kho kom muaj kev ruaj khov los ntawm kev hloov kho peb npaug:
1. Membrane cov khoom tsim tawm tshiab:Kev tsim kho high-permeebility composite membranes los txo cov kev ua haujlwm ua haujlwm.
2. Kev Txhim Kho Kev Txhim Kho Kom Zoo Dua:Cov khoom siv puv ntov cov khoom siv tau rov qab los ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob los ntawm 35% {2}}%.
3. Txuas Ntxiv Ntxiv:Cua \/ Hnub Ci-powered Systems Ua tau cov khoom xoom-carbon hesalination nyob rau hauv cov chaw nyob sab nraud.
Lub caij no, ED Technology txhim kho kev ua tau zoo los ntawm kev txhim kho homogeneous ion pauv cov hmoov thiab cov ntawv hybrid nrog ro rau cov peev txheej cascading siv.
Tag
Seb nws yog tus yam ntxwvDesalination Ro SystemLossis cov thev naus laus zis nrog cov teeb meem zoo hauv cov teb, lawv lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb yog ua kom muaj kev cuam tshuam dej hiav txwv kom ruaj khov rau kev siv hluav taws xob tsis tu ncua thiab cov nqi. Nrog kev sib tawg hauv cov ntaub ntawv kev tshawb fawb thiab kev tswj hwm hluav taws xob, tom ntej no cov kev pab cuam desalination technologies yuav pab tau kev ruaj ntseg kev ruaj ntseg.